Infective endocarditis treatment with OPAT – Full Text
“OPAT appears to be safe and effective for IE patients, with low mortality and relapse rates. However, increased readmission rates and IV-line complications warrant careful patient selection and monitoring. Further prospective trials are needed to refine OPAT protocols” Ashraf et al (2025).
How to locate femoral vein by anatomic landmarks – Full Text
“These datasets might be useful as additional support while performing femoral vein cannulation in complicated and challenging cases where the facility of radiological monitoring is not available” Ghosh et al (2025).
CLABSI reduction using tissue adhesive
“To investigate whether tissue adhesive (TA, 2-octyl blended with n-butyl cyanoacrylate) application to centrally/femorally inserted central catheters (CICCs/FICCs) exit sites could reduce the occurrence of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)” Kwon et al (2025).
VIP score quality improvement project
“This QIP has successfully reduced early phlebitis rate in this patient population to 2.1%, which is now in-keeping with CDC guidance of <5%. In addition, there was a 65.5% improvement in documentation of VIP score demonstrating increased application of the tool in clinical practice” O’Donnell et al (2024).
AccuVein research protocol – Full Text
“To verify the effectiveness of AccuVeinAV300® in the success of peripheral intravenous catheterization in adults with difficult intravenous access, compared to the traditional clinical method” Bittencourt et al (2025).
Reducing peripheral intravenous catheter related blood stream infections
“A taskforce was convened to plan, develop and implement hospital-wide, evidence-based practice approaches, aligned with clinical care standards, to reduce the incidence of PIVC related infection” Sammut et al (2025).
Using a vein imaging device to assist peripheral intravenous catheterization in children
“This study was aimed at investigating the effect of the vein-imaging device used in peripheral intravenous catheterization on the success of the procedure in patients who presented to the children’s emergency department” Karaarslan et al (2025).
Ultrasound guided central venous catheter insertion
“oint-of-care ultrasonography bundle for CVC insertion is considered superior to, safer, and more cost-effective than the blind technique” Beniamen et al (2025).
Safe injection practices in healthcare
“This position paper provides healthcare professionals (HCP) updated guidance with corresponding evidence and rationale to support safe injection, infusion, medication vial, and point-of-care testing practices in healthcare settings” Ormsby et al (2025).
Accudrip gravity-based automatic infusion system – Full Text
“The gravity-based automatic infusion system showed high accuracy consistent with the theoretical rate of administration even under multiple infusion conditions of cancer patients with chemoport. This system (Accudrip) will greatly contribute to accurate drug administration and minimization of adverse events in real-world hospital settings” Park et al (2025).
3D virtual simulation game for teaching intravenous fluid therapy
“To describe the gamification process of peripheral intravenous catheterization (PIVC) and intravenous fluid therapy (IFT) in nursing education and conduct usability testing of the 3D virtual simulation game” Kuruca Ozdemir et al (2025).
Central venous catheter maintenance for cancer patients
“In the maintenance of central venous indwelling catheters for cancer patients, the implementation of a precise management model can significantly reduce the incidence of central venous indwelling catheter-associated complications, improve treatment compliance of patients, positively modulate patients’ psychological state, and harmonize the nurse-patient relationship” Xu et al (2025).
Difficulty removing a totally implantable venous access port – Full Text
“This case highlights the challenges of removing TIVAPs inserted via the internal jugular vein, particularly when the catheter traverses the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Repeated neck movements might lead to significant adhesions around the catheter, complicating its removal” Chen et al (2025).
24-hour elastomeric pump antibiotic administration case study – Full Text
“This case highlights its suitability for 24 h CI via elastomeric pumps in an OPAT setting, supported by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to ensure optimal treatment efficacy” Babich et al (2025).
Intravenous administration of antibiotics in pediatrics – Full Text
“Prolonged and continuous perfusion of antibiotics presents multiple sources of potential interest, including optimized pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters and reduced care load, with fewer surgical and nursing interventions” Ourghanlian et al (2025).
Mal-positioned internal jugular central venous catheter – Full Text
“A left internal jugular central venous catheter was inserted with no difficulty and a chest Xray was done for placement confirmation. Xray showed the catheter passing midline to the right hemithorax and pointing toward the right upper lung” Hajeh and Garcia-Pacheco (2025).
Dalbavancin facilitates early discharge in musculoskeletal infection treatment – Full Text
“This multi-centre observational study aims to evaluate dalbavancin’s role in facilitating discharge and improving clinical outcomes in MSKI” Azamgarhi et al (2025).
Emergency department vascular access team – Full Text
“This report details the formation and maintenance of a highly skilled vascular access team. The team is comprised of paramedics and EMTs who have been trained in USG PIV placement allowing them to care for patients with DIVA” Roll et al (2025).
Persistent left superior vena cava in PICC-PORT insertion – Full Text
“PLSVC, which is often asymptomatic, requires careful preprocedural planning and imaging to ensure safe PICC port insertion” Nakayama et al (2025).
Analysis of CLABSI risk – Full Text
“The goal of this study was to address the misconception that femoral CVCs have a higher associated risk for developing CLABSI compared to other central line sites. This study evaluates risk for CLABSI across FV, IJV, and SCV sites” Vaughan-Masamitsu et al (2025).
Factors affecting the tip position of tunneled cuffed catheters – Full Text
“We evaluated the catheter position and surface markers of the chest and the relevant factors that affect the position and depth of the catheter tip” Liu et al (2025).
Prophylactic anticoagulation in children receiving home parenteral nutrition – Full Text
“Guidelines on pediatric HPN state that there is insufficient evidence to advocate the prophylactic use of CRT. Aim is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of prophylactic anticoagulation in preventing CRT in children on HPN” Demirok et al (2025).
Vascular Access and IV Therapy Resource

Nursing student knowledge of intravenous therapy
“This study aimed to assess the knowledge of intravenous therapy among nursing students. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 170 diploma nursing students randomly selected from a private university in Malaysia between November 30 and December 30, 2023” Che Seman et al (2025).
Decontamination of needleless connectors
“This study aims to compare the decontamination efficacy of 75% ethanol and 2% CHG in ethanol with scrub durations of 5, 10, and 15 seconds on NCs in outpatients” Wu et al (2025).
Application of heat to improve venous dilation – Full Text
“This study aimed to verify the venous dilation effect of heat application before tourniquet use in comparison with tourniquet application in hospitalized older adults (n = 88; mean age: 79.3 ± 8.1 years)” Yasuda et al (2025).
Risk factors for difficult intravenous access
“The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in nurses’ ratings of risk factors for difficult intravenous access (DIVA) between oncology infusion unit nurses who perform ≤ 10 insertions compared to > 10 insertions per week” Alfaro et al (2025).
Safe handling of chemotherapeutic agents
“This study assessed the perceived barriers and risks regarding safe handling of chemotherapeutic drugs among nursing personnel of a tertiary care hospital of Delhi, India” Sreekumaran et al (2025)
Managing fluid and electrolyte needs – Full Text
“Effective fluid management is crucial in inpatient care, as each patient has unique fluid and electrolyte needs. Although no universal formula or rigid guideline exists, one core principle, “clinicians should replenish identified fluid losses,” remains” Castera and Borhade (2025).
Subclavian vein stenosis secondary to central venous access placement – Full Text
“This study describes a 69-year-old patient with a history of thrombophilia due to MTHRF 677 gene heterozygous mutation, who developed left subclavian vein stenosis two weeks after the use of central vascular access, leading to left upper extremity edema, development of collateral venous network, and pain and dyspnea” González Martínez et al (2025).
Different OPAT care models – Full Text
“However, costs in the ambulatory setting are poorly quantified. To address this gap, we examined both inpatient costs avoided and uncompensated labor associated with OPAT delivered via 3 administration models: self-administration (S-OPAT), home care agencies/hemodialysis centers (HH-OPAT), and skilled nursing facilities (SNF-OPAT)” Player et al (2025).
Fluid overload reduction in critically ill children – Full Text
“In this quality improvement project, we develop, implement, and maintain compliance with a fluid management strategy. Future work will involve daily utilization of the fluid balance dashboard and monitoring compliance with total IV fluid orders” Hopwood et al (2025).
How to determine central venous catheter tip position – Full Text
“This study aimed to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of using various ultrasound techniques to judge the tip positions of central venous catheters and to explore the specific application conditions of various ultrasound techniques” Shen et al (2025).
Prevention of PICC-associated thrombosis in cancer – Full Text
“The aim of this narrative review was to offer a comprehensive overview of the existing literature about PICC-related thrombosis (PICC-VTE) by analyzing the current knowledge and related gaps” Fioretti et al (2025).
First-attempt success at peripheral intravenous catheter insertion
“This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of infrared (IR) devices versus the traditional palpation technique for first-attempt success of peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) insertion in adults” Drugeon et al (2025).
Microbubbles of air during hemodialysis – Full Text
“Microbubbles (MBs) of air occur in the hemodialysis (HD) extracorporeal circuit and may enter the bloodlines of the patient. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible sites of contamination” Jonsson and Stegmayr (2025).
Short versus long peripheral intravenous catheters in neonates – Full Text
“Neonatal-short peripheral intravenous catheters (n-SPCs) and neonatal-long peripheral intravenous catheters (n-LPCs) are widely used for short-term vascular access in neonates” van Rens et al (2025).
Rescue of damaged tunneled central venous catheter – Full Text
“The intervention of exit-site relocation by external splicing represents an attractive option to treat unfixable tCVC damage or tunnel erosion without the need for catheter removal or exchange. This mini-invasive procedure is rapid, safe, and optimally tolerated by the patient” Nardelli et al (2025).
ECG assisted totally implantable venous access device tip placement
“To assess the accuracy and safety of intracardiac electrocardiography (IC-ECG) in positioning catheter tips for Totally Implantable Venous Access Device (TIVAD) placement” Zhao et al (2025).
Alcohol-impregnated port protectors
“To investigate the effect of alcohol-impregnated port protectors (AIPPs) on neonatal central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates” Payne et al (2025).
Preventing peripherally inserted central catheter-related venous thrombosis – Full Text
“To evaluate the preventive effects of varying doses of heparin sodium injection on peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)-related venous thrombosis during postoperative chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and to analyze potential risk factors for the occurrence of venous thrombosis” Li et al (2025).
Peripheral intravenous catheter related phlebitis
“This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of peripheral intravenous catheter-related phlebitis in patients with peripheral intravenous catheters” Khalid Mahmood Mahmood and Cihan Erdogan (2025).
Paramedic supported ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous access program
“The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of an ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous access program performed by paramedics in the emergency department” Wasiak et al (2025).
Impact of needleless connectors on long peripheral IV catheters
“Using only needleless connectors in long peripheral catheters does not prevent the backflow phenomenon. Using clamps significantly reduced the backflow volume in needleless connectors with positive and negative displacement. Neutral and anti-reflux connectors perform similarly in the clamping sequences with and without clamps” Giustivi et al (2025).
Intracavitary electrocardiogram guidance for PICC placement
“The IC-ECG guided method has a higher success rate on the first attempt and lower total complication for catheter tip localization in PICC placement. IC-ECG may be considered the preferred method for accurate catheter tip placement” Zhou et al (2025)
Consensus on tip location method for central venous access devices – Full Text
“Tip location of central venous access devices is considered highly relevant for the purpose of reducing catheter-related complications and prolong the duration of the access. Though, the choice of the method of tip location currently relies upon the operator’s experience, preference, and training, on the local availability of specific resources and technologies, and on local policies” Faraone et al (2025).
Rapid infusion catheter placement
“This tutorial aims to provide emergency physicians with a comprehensive guide on the placement and utilization of Rapid Infusion Catheters (RICs)-a large bore peripheral IV inserted by modified Seldinger technique-in emergencies” Bradshaw et al (2025).
Tunneled cuffed hemodialysis catheter complications
“In addition to common complications, such as thrombosis, infection, formation of a fibrin sheath, or central vein stenosis, TCC dysfunction, such as kinks, cuff detachment, or mechanical destruction, can be easily overlooked” Lin et al (2025).
Risk factors of infusion phlebitis in patients admitted to the intensive care unit
“The risk factors for phlebitis varied with the duration of catheter dwelling. Individualized catheter management, considering the duration of catheter dwelling, may help avoid phlebitis in patients admitted to the ICU” Shinzato et al (2025).
Treatment for neonatal extravasation
“Patients receiving infusions with high extravasation risk should be continuously and carefully evaluated for signs of dislocation, leakage swelling, or extravasation to quickly identify and prevent further injury” Lin et al (2025).
Safety of long peripheral IV catheters in hospitalized patients – Full Text
“The new long peripheral catheter provides a safe, rapid, and effective means of venous access. Its straightforward insertion technique, convenience, and suitability for “point of care” use make it a valuable option for patients requiring continuous intravenous therapy” Weber et al (2025).
CLABSI prevention among ICU nurses in China
“In summary, Chinese ICU nurses demonstrated inadequate levels of knowledge and attitude towards CLABSI prevention. Study findings suggest that arranging training in refreshing, taking advantage of experienced nurses’ leading roles and changing safety culture might be useful in enhancing ICU nurses’ knowledge, attitude and practice” He et al (2025).
Doxorubicin extravasation treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy
“We report the case of a 17-month-old infant treated for an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the soft tissues in the gluteal region, who experienced doxorubicin extravasation in the forearm. This incident was successfully managed with initial fasciotomy followed by hyperbaric oxygen therapy” Belcadi et al (2025).