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In our case, the damage owing to extravasation of KCl into the surrounding tissue was severe” Richa et al (2019).

Extract:

In our case, the damage owing to extravasation of KCl into the surrounding tissue was severe. The main determining factors were GA (loss of pain sensation), type of drug (KCl) with vesicant properties, direct infusion using a pump through the vasofix, and lack of visibility of extravasation. Following this incident, we recommended administering of vesicant medications over a 3-way stopcock with fluid perfusion because slowing or stopping of the infusion were alert signs, keeping continuous visibility of IV access in a patient under GA.

In conclusion, extravasation injury can lead to serious complications. It can increase morbidity and cause long-term sequelae. As with most complications, prevention was always the best measure.

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Reference:

Richa, F.C., Chalhoub, V.R., El-Hage, C.F. and Yazbeck, P.H. (2019) Severe skin extravasation injury following intravenous injection of potassium chloride. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia. 13(4), p.397-398. doi: 10.4103/sja.SJA_451_19.