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"OPAT is an effective and safe therapeutic modality for bacterial eradication post-LTx, associated with a significant reduction in hospitalization days and treatment costs" Bart et al (2024).
Outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy in lung transplant recipients

Abstract:

Purpose: Bacterial isolation is associated with worse outcomes after lung transplantation (LTx), and successful bacterial eradication is shown to improve long-term survival and pulmonary function. Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy (OPAT) may be an effective therapeutic modality for bacterial eradication post-LTx.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective analysis of OPAT characteristics, efficacy, safety, and costs in non-cystic fibrosis LTx recipients.

Results: A total of 156 OPAT courses (from June 2019 to December 2022) were evaluated in 108 distinct LTx recipients. OPAT mainly consisted of dual antibiotic therapy (69%) for pulmonary bacterial isolation (97%), mostly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (66%). Successful eradication at 3 months post-OPAT was achieved in 71%. Eradication rate was significantly higher in patients treated after the first post-operative year (79%), compared to patients within the first year (61%) (p = 0.017). Eradication rate was similar for multidrug resistance (eradication rate 61%) versus no multidrug resistance (74%) (p = 0.116). Spirometry remained stable at 90 days post-OPAT. A statistically significant, but clinically negligible, increase in serum creatinine at 90 days post-OPAT was observed (1.33 mg/dL vs. 1.39 mg/dL, p < 0.001), yet unrelated to the antibiotic regimen used. OPAT-related hospital admissions occurred in 13% and line-related adverse events in 6%. Median number of hospitalization days saved per OPAT-course was 10 days (range 2-92), accounting for a total of 1841 avoided admission days and an estimated net cost reduction of 47% per treatment course.

Conclusion: OPAT is an effective and safe therapeutic modality for bacterial eradication post-LTx, associated with a significant reduction in hospitalization days and treatment costs.

Reference:

Bart F, Veronique S, Isabel S, Charlotte Q, Stefanie D, Saskia B, Pascal VB, Natalie L, Laurens S, Laurent G, Lieven JD, Robin V. Outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy in non-cystic fibrosis lung transplant recipients: characteristics, efficacy and safety. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2024 Aug 28. doi: 10.1007/s10096-024-04921-9. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39196488.