Intravenous versus intraosseous adrenalin administration – Full Text
“In our systematic review we have found a small number of studies comparing IV and IO adrenaline administration during cardiac arrest. Due to significant heterogeneity, a meta-analysis was not performed and no firm conclusions could be drawn about which route of adrenalin administration leads to better outcomes” Pouwels et al (2025).
Management of patients with severe trauma – Full Text
“Advancements in this field, including intraosseous vascular access and tranexamic acid administration, have improved patient outcomes. The emphasis on structured assessments, particularly “circulation, airway, breathing” (CAB) assessments, underscores the importance of managing life-threatening hemorrhages” Kim et al (2025).
IV or IO administration of drugs for out of hospital cardiac arrest – Full Text
“IV and IO access routes demonstrated comparable outcomes for survival and neurological function in OHCA. These findings support the flexibility to prioritize the most practical route in emergency settings, particularly when IV access is delayed or challenging” Saad et al (2025).
Intraosseous and intravenous access during adult cardiac arrest systematic review – Full Text
“Initial vascular access attempts via the intraosseous, compared with intravenous, route in adult cardiac arrest did not improve 30-day survival and may reduce the odds of a sustained return of spontaneous circulation” Couper et al (2024).
Intraosseous vascular access in cardiac arrest – Full Text
“Despite its established efficacy, our retrospective study at Southampton General Hospital revealed under-utilisation rates of IO insertions during cardiac arrests” Vakil and Ahmed (2024).
Intraosseous versus intravenous drug administration in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – Full Text
“These findings suggest that IV access may be superior to IO access in improving outcomes for OHCA patients. However, the high heterogeneity and conflicting results from individual studies highlight the need for careful interpretation and further research” Tabowei et al (2024).
Factors associated with failure of intraosseous access in prehospital trauma
“These findings suggest that intraosseous devices are a viable alternative for establishing vascular access in prehospital military settings. However, success rates were slightly lower than previous reports, potentially due to the severity of injuries in the study cohort” Rittblat et al (2024).
Intraosseous access versus intravenous delivery for emergency resuscitation – Full Text
“Despite the perceived utility of IO access when IV access is unachievable, the impact of IO on survival, return of spontaneous circulation, and neurological outcomes remains ambiguous due to the inconsistency in the existing evidence” Zhang et al (2024).
Sternal intraosseous access device review – Full Text
“Present findings suggest that both FAST1 and TALON sternal IO catheter tips can be successfully placed into the target medullary bone with high accuracy in male military members aged 18 to 30 who require rapid resuscitation” Kaylor et al (2024).
IV or intraosseous vascular access patient outcomes – Full Text
“An IV-first approach, compared to humeral-IO, for intra-arrest resuscitation was associated with an improved odds of favorable neurological outcomes and survival to hospital discharge” Brebner et al (2024).
Intraosseous thrombolysis administration – Full Text
“Intraosseous administration of tenecteplase may be considered for treatment of acute ischemic stroke if intravenous access is unattainable” Chung et al (2024).
Intraosseous needle insertion skill development using instructional video – Full Text
“The effectiveness of instructional videos as a stand-alone tool for the acquisition of practical skills is yet unknown because instructional videos are usually didactically embedded. Therefore, we evaluated the acquisition of the skill of a humeral intraosseous access via video in comparison to that of a self-study with an additional retention test” Ott et al (2024).
Intraosseous access for trauma patients in South Korea – Full Text
“IO access offers a viable alternative to IV access for the initial resuscitation in patients with trauma, providing advantages in terms of procedure time and first-attempt success rate” Kim et al (2024).
Intraosseous site flow rate study – Full Text
“Within the limitations of an unpressurized cadaveric swine model, the present findings suggest that IO catheter tip placements need not be perfect to acquire high flow rates at low pressures, only accurate enough to avoid the dense cortical bone of zone 3” Gehrz et al (2024).
Intraosseous line placement training using an escape room environment – Full Text
“Participating in a single escape room session significantly increased resident self-efficacy. Residents strongly preferred the escape room format over a traditional procedural skills workshop” Huang et al (2024).
Neonatal tibial intraosseous insertion – Full Text
“IO needles should be placed 2 cm below and 1-2 cm medial to the tibial tuberosity. MIN needles are preferred to minimize leakage. IO depth should be modified by birth weight” Sengasai et al (2024).
Fat embolisation associated with intraosseous infusions – Full Text
“The aim of this systematic review is to synthesise the existing evidence describing fat intravasation, fat embolism and fat embolism syndrome (FES) following IO infusion” Ellington et al (2024).
Intraosseous route in out-of-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest – Full Text
“IO vascular access provides a suitable route for out-of-hospital stabilization of critically ill patients when peripheral vascular access is difficult or impossible” Burgos-Esteban et al (2024).
Intraosseous and intravenous access comparison
“Increasing evidence supports intraosseous (IO) access due to faster medication administration and higher first-attempt success rates compared to intravenous (IV) access. However, the impact on patient outcomes has been inconclusive” Lee et al (2024).
IO access training for paramedics – Full Text
“The aim of this technical report is to describe the process of development and the final product of the LMS as a research and educational tool to scaffold remote learning of emergency IO skills by paramedics-in-training” Jolly et al (2024).
Limb length discrepancy after intraosseous line placement
“We will present the case of a 6-year-old girl who presented with a 3-cm limb length discrepancy after intraosseous line placement at age 14 months without other known history of trauma or infection to account for the growth arrest” Kleinsmith and Kowalski (2024).
Upper or lower extremity intraosseous access
“In this large prehospital dataset, upper extremity IO access was associated with a small increase in the odds of ROSC in comparison to lower extremity IO access” Smida et al (2024).
Intraosseous vascular access in prehospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation – Full Text
“We aim to determine how IOVA was integrated into management of vascular access during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation” Agostinucci et al (2024).
Intraosseous access complication rates
“The objective of this review is to examine the current literature regarding intraosseous access in trauma resuscitation, focusing on interventions and complication rates” Chiang and Teichman (2024).
Intraosseous infusion in burn patients
“The use and experience with intraosseous infusion (IO) in extremely severe burns are still limited. We report efficacy and safety results from nineteen burn patients treated with IO between June 2020 and December 2022” eWangt al (2024).
Drug extravasation during EZ-IO use in pediatric patients
“The present study aimed to investigate the risk factors for extravasation as a complication of EZ-IO use in pediatric patients” Sasaoka et al (2023).
Tibial or humeral intraosseous vascular access
“We did not detect an association between the first-attempted intra-arrest IO site (tibia vs. humerus) and clinical outcomes. Clinical trials are warranted to test differences between vascular access strategies” Brebner et al (2023).
Review of six FDA-approved intraosseous access devices – Full Text
“However, little is known regarding the application times, placement accuracy, and end-user ratings of battery-powered and manual IO access devices. This study was specifically designed to fill these knowledge gaps on six FDA-approved IO access devices” Kay et al (2023).
Simulated intraosseous needle insertion teaching feedback – Full Text
“A total of 23 advanced care paramedics (ACPs) participated in the study and received feedback in the form of KR, KP, and intrinsic feedback while using the intraosseous (IO) access simulator” Micallef et al (2023).
EMS simulation-based curriculum includes intraosseous catheterization
“The primary outcome was performance of intraosseous catheterization (IO), bag-valve-mask ventilation (BVM), and supraglottic device placement (SGD), measured across three time points” Lee et al (2023).