ICU CLABSI in developing countries
Abstract:
Background: Despite the extensive use of central lines for ICU patients in Oman, no studies have been conducted among adult ICU patients to assess the prevalence and predictors of CLABSIs.
Aim: To estimate the prevalence of ICU-acquired CLABSIs, identify the most common causative microorganisms and define possible related risk factors associated with ICU-acquired CLABSIs among adult ICU patients in Oman.
Method: A retrospective case-control design was used to screen electronic medical records of for all adult ICU patients admitted over two years (2018-2019) in two tertiary hospitals in Oman. The CDC definition of CLABSIs was used to allocate a cases group (n = 58), and a randomly selected controls group (n = 174).
Results: The prevalence of ICU-acquired CLABSIs was 8.9 and 8.31 per 1000 catheter days for the years 2018 and 2019 respectively. The most common isolated microorganisms were gram-positive bacteria (46.6%). The risk factors for ICU-acquired CLABSIs are: heart failure (Odds Ratio [OR] = 11.67, p < 0.001), female gender (OR = 0.352, p = 0.035), presence of other infections (OR = 3.4, p = 0.009), tracheostomy (OR = 5.34, p = 0.004), and Total Parenteral Nutrition (OR = 3.469, p = 0.020).
Conclusion: The prevalence of ICU-acquired CLABSIs in developing countries like Oman is higher than most of developed countries. The current study provides baseline data that can be used as a reference for future national studies and help in building strategies to prevent and control ICU-acquired CLABSIs.
Reference:
Al-Shukri RN, Al-Rawajfah OM, Aldaken L, Al-Busaidi M. ICU-Acquired Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection and its Associated Factors in Oman. Am J Infect Control. 2022 Jan 2:S0196-6553(21)00864-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.12.024. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34986391.