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To determine whether 24% sucrose solution given orally before insertion of a peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheter decreases neonatal pain” Cook et al (2016).

Abstract:

PURPOSE: To determine whether 24% sucrose solution given orally before insertion of a peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheter decreases neonatal pain.

BACKGROUND: Prior studies of pain caused by heel and arterial needlesticks found oral administration of 24% sucrose to significantly blunt pain during these painful procedures. No studies have evaluated this treatment with needlestick pain associated with PIV catheter insertion.

METHODS: Oral 24% sucrose or placebo solution was administered 2 minutes prior to PIV catheter insertion. Outcome measures were obtained prior to, during, and for 5 minutes after PIV catheter insertion. Investigators and caregivers were blinded to group assignment. Data were analyzed with longitudinal analysis of repeated measures, with P < .05 for significance.

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RESULTS: A total of 40 neonates (24% sucrose: N = 20; placebo: N = 20) were studied. Pain scores significantly increased from 3.2 ± 1.6 to a maximum of 7.6 ± 3.8 at the time of catheter insertion, returning to baseline levels 8 minutes after PIV catheter insertion (P < .001). No significant differences were found in pain, heart rate, or noninvasive oxygen saturation (SpO2) between the sucrose and placebo groups (P > 0.05).

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Results from this study did not find that 24% sucrose administered prior to PIV catheter insertion altered the infant’s pain response.

IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH: Since this is the first study to evaluate the pain-blunting effects of 24% sucrose administration before PIV catheter insertion, replication of this study is needed before widespread application of findings.

Reference:

Cook, L.M., Nichols-Dada, J., Damani, S., Lawrence, V., Layson, S., Mitchell, D., Muhammad, S., Samaniego-Yamin, L., Talley, J.W., VanNatta, B., Higgins, M. and Cooley, K. (2016) Randomized Clinical Trial of 24% Oral Sucrose to Decrease Pain Associated With Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion in Preterm and Term Newborns. Advances in Neonatal Care. August 16th. [Epub ahead of print].

DOI: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000326

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