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The 2015 American Heart Association guidelines for CPR suggest that rescuers establish intraosseous (IO) access if an intravenous line is not easily obtainable” Szarpak et al (2016).

Abstract:

Obtaining intravascular (IV) access is one of the key procedures during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), particularly during nondefibrillation rhythms, in which the rapid delivery of epinephrine is one of the main elements of the emergency treatment. The average time needed for peripheral IV catheterization is reported to be between 2.5 and 16 minutes in patients with difficult IV access [1]. The 2015 American Heart Association guidelines for CPR suggest that rescuers establish intraosseous (IO) access if an intravenous line is not easily obtainable [2].

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Reference:

Szarpak, Ł., Czyzewski, Ł., Krajewski, P., Fudalej, M. and Truszewski, Z. (2016) Comparison of NIO and EZ-IO intraosseous access devices in adult patients under resuscitation performed by paramedics: a randomized crossover manikin trial. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. March 8th. [epub ahead of print].

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.03.017

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