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This study compared clinical characteristics and 1-year outcomes between 438 UEDVT patients and 7,602 LEDVT patients recruited in the GARFIELD-VTE registry” Ageno et al (2019).

Abstract:

Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is less common than lower extremity DVT (LEDVT) and consequently less well characterized. This study compared clinical characteristics and 1-year outcomes between 438 UEDVT patients and 7,602 LEDVT patients recruited in the GARFIELD-VTE registry. UEDVT patients were significantly more likely to have a central venous catheter than those with LEDVT (11.5% vs. 0.5%; p < 0.0001), and had a higher rate of active cancer (16.2%) or recent hospitalization (19.4%) compared with LEDVT patients (8.7% and 11.2%, respectively). Nearly all patients with UEDVT and LEDVT were initiated on anticoagulant therapy, which was a direct oral anticoagulant in one-third individuals in both groups. At 3, 6, and 12 months, the proportion of UEDVT and LEDVT patients who were receiving anticoagulant therapy was 82.6 and 87.4%, 66.0 and 72.6%, and 45.7 and 54.6%, respectively. In the UEDVT and LEDVT groups, VTE recurrence rate was 4.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4-6.7) and 5.5 (95% CI, 4.9-6.1) per 100 person-years, respectively; major bleed was noted in 1.3 (95% CI, 0.6-3.2) and 1.6 (95% CI, 1.3-1.9) per 100 person-years and all-cause mortality in 9.7 (95% CI, 7.1-13.4) and 6.7 (95% CI, 6.1-7.3) per 100 person-years, respectively. Hence, risk of recurrence was similar in the two groups whereas all-cause mortality was significantly higher in the UEDVT group than the LEDVT group (p = 0.0338). This latter finding was likely due to the high prevalence of cancer in the UEDVT group.

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Reference:

Ageno, W., Haas, S., Weitz, J.I., Goldhaber, S.Z., Turpie, A.G.G., Goto, S., Angchaisuksiri, P., Dalsgaard Nielsen, J., Kayani, G., Farjat, A.E., Zaghdoun, A., Schellong, S., Bounameaux, H., Mantovani, L.G., Prandoni, P., Darius, H. and Kakkar, A.K. (2019) Upper Extremity DVT versus Lower Extremity DVT: Perspectives from the GARFIELD-VTE Registry. Thrombosis and Haemostasis. June 10th. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1688828. [Epub ahead of print].