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"Cardiac tamponade has been described as a rare complication of central venous catheter placement with an incidence in adults as low as less than 1% but with significantly high mortality of more than 60%" Messina Alvarez et al (2023).
Cardiac tamponade following central venous catheter placement

Abstract:

Cardiac tamponade is the fluid accumulation within the pericardial sac that compresses the heart and decreases cardiac output. More than 20% of the cases are surgical or non-surgical iatrogenic causes. Cardiac tamponade has been described as a rare complication of central venous catheter placement with an incidence in adults as low as less than 1% but with significantly high mortality of more than 60%. The purpose of this article is to review the incidence, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of cardiac tamponade after central venous catheter placement as well as different methods to prevent this fatal complication from occurring.

Reference:

Messina Alvarez AA, Bilal MA, Manasrah N, Chaudhary A. Iatrogenic Cardiac Tamponade Secondary to Central Venous Catheter Placement: A Literature Review. Cureus. 2023 Apr 17;15(4):e37695. doi: 10.7759/cureus.37695. PMID: 37206520; PMCID: PMC10191201.