Reference:
Duszynska, W., Taccone, F.S., Hurkacz, M., Wiela-Hojenska, A. and Kübler, A. (2015) Continuous vs. intermittent vancomycin therapy for Gram-positive infections not caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus. Minerva Anestesiologica. July 16th. [epub ahead of print].
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Abstract:
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vancomycin pharmacokinetics (PKs) on effectiveness and safety in the treatment of Gram-positive infections due to pathogens other than methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
METHODS: Prospective study including septic patients received either continuous (n=21) or intermittent (n=21) infusions of vancomycin; the target drug concentration was 15-20 mg/L and target area under the curve of vancomycin concentrations over the minimum inhibitory concentration of the pathogen on day 1 (AUC24/MIC) >400. Clinical and microbiological responses, the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) and therapy costs were recorded.
RESULTS: The median AUC24/MIC was 195(133-343) vs. 189(136-328) mg/L*h in the continuous and intermittent infusion groups. Target drug concentrations were achieved in 15/21 vs. 9/21 (p=0.12) patients and AUC24/MIC >400 in only 5/21 vs. 3/21 (p=0.35) patients of continuous and intermittent groups, respectively. High clinical cure (17/21 for continuous vs. 17/21 for intermittent, p=1.00) and microbiological eradication (17/21 vs. 15/21, p=0.47) were observed in both groups and not associated with drug concentrations or with AUC24/MIC. AKI was diagnosed during therapy in 5/21 patients in the continuous group and 8/21 in the intermittent group (p=0.32). The median total therapy costs were lower in the continuous than in the intermittent group (377 [304-485] vs. 552 [371-644] €, p=0.04).
CONCLUSIONS: Vancomycin resulted in high clinical response during non-MRSA Gram- positive infections treatment even at drug concentrations lower than those for MRSA. A continuous infusion of vancomycin was associated with a significant reduction in therapy costs compared to intermittent infusions.
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