Abstract:
Introduction: ECMO is a support modality for refractory critical illness. This study reviews the incidence and utility of central venous line (CVL) placement at pediatric ECMO decannulation.
Methods: A single-institution retrospective study of patients undergoing open neck decannulation from 2015 to 2019. Patients were divided into two groups: ≤ 28-days and > 28-days.
Results: Of 65 patients, 31% had a CVL placed at decannulation. Sepsis and pneumonia were the most common indications for ECMO in the older-group compared to CDH in neonates. The most common indications for CVL were hemodialysis (45%), monitoring (25%), and access (25%). 89% of neonates had an access line placed, whereas 73% of the older group received hemodialysis catheters. Median CRRT requirement was 20 days. 85% of lines were functional at time of removal or death. None were removed for infection. 40% of the patients not receiving a CVL at decannulation required one within 30 days.
Conclusion: 69% of patients did not have a CVL placed at decannulation, however 40% required a CVL within 30 days. Most lines placed at decannulation remained functional and none were removed for infection. Decannulation removes the circuit as a route for vascular access, but it also presents an opportunity to safely place an essential CVL.
Reference:
Rubalcava NS, Overman RE, Hirschl RB, Thirumoorthi AS. Central line placement at ECMO decannulation: A missed opportunity. J Pediatr Surg. 2021 Feb 25:S0022-3468(21)00184-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.050. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33762118.